艰苦奋斗 in English jian1 ku3 fen4 dou4 Meaning

Meanings

  • to struggle arduously

Simplified Characters

艰 苦 奋 斗

Traditional Characters

艱 苦 奮 鬥

Pinyin

jian1 ku3 fen4 dou4

Literal

Literal explanation, with pronunciation and meaning of each character.

艰jian1difficult 苦ku3bitter 奋fen4to exert oneself (bound form) 斗dou4abbr. for the Big Dipper constellation 北斗星[Bei3 dou3 xing1]